Rituximab is a manufactured antibody that targets B lymphocytes. It is not derived from blood donations. It is most commonly used if treatment beyond the first line is required.

Rituximab’s other use is in the treatment of B cell lymphomas, usually in combination with chemotherapy. Rituximab is not a chemotherapy drug but is generally handled by cancer/oncology pharmacies because of its historical use in lymphoma. It is also increasingly used in a broad range of other autoimmune diseases.

Studies have reported around 25% long-term remission following rituximab treatment, with the initial response rates are about 60%.

It appears to be most likely a successful treatment in younger people, particularly females, with short duration of ITP and lower platelet counts. However, its use should not be limited to this group of ITP patients.

Prior to Rituximab being added to the Unrestricted Benefits Listing with the PBS, it was estimated that this treatment cost between $3,000 and $12,000 per year, depending on the dosage and frequency undertaken.

Rituximab is administered as an intravenous infusion, with the doses and delivery time determined by your medical professional.

Side effects include:

• Low grade fevers, headaches or chills
• Reduced responses to vaccines
• Nausea
• Stomach pain
• Diarrhea
• Heartburn
• Night sweats
• Muscle or joint pain
• Dizziness